Space Exploration:Top 5 Earth-like planets

 The answer to the question that whether humans will ever get to live on another planet is long awaited by so many enthusiasts around the globe.

NASA’s Program to Colonize Mars:

Photo credits: Frank DiBona

The NASA’s program to send humans to mars by “one way ticket” is a progress in the answer to that same old question but its more of an experiment thing and humans selected to send up there are no normal humans. Many of them are pilots and some commandos type of people etc. Also they are not going to live up there freely like we do here, like sleeping on comfy beds and having morning walks, and enjoying delicious foods. Instead they will live in scary type of cave like compartments separated from each other(not all the time) and they will be fed special type of food only and also there’s not much to do up there. Don’t forget that they’re not going to be wearing any fancy outfits up there since all the parties are down here. Which means same old astronaut suits almost all the time. Life will be crazy messed up that way and no one wants to live up there that way and the famous memes “I don’t want to live on this planet anymore” and “time to leave Earth” etc. etc. will have no meaning at all because life up there at least right now is not any better than it is on Earth.

But don’t be so quick to judge because there are some if not many Earth like planets out there that may support life just as it is down here .Animals ,small insects ,mammals etc. and their suitable habitats. Houses, roads, cars, kids, cats and so on .Everything that is required to make a healthy environment that make us feel right at home is what we want.

                                Photo Credits:NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

And Most importantly A sun and a moon, (if we’re lucky) also a strong ozone layer. Healthy breathable gases are a must. Rivers, oceans, seas might make a good picnic spot after a long tiring weak of working in the corn fields speaking of which we must know that food supplies shouldn’t be “imported” from the original Earth. The new planet should have fertile soil too. (Is that too much to ask??).

                                                   Photo Credits :United Soybean Board

Earth's siblings should look like this at some places.

"The point is if there was a planet so similar to earth, living things might already be existing up there and I don’t think they would like any outsiders."

 Before I tell you about the planets let me tell you some basic stuff.

Kepler:

Kepler is an observatory spacecraft.  Its mission is to search and discover earth-like planets. Kepler was launched by NASA in March 2009.Its named after a mathematician Johannes Kepler. It’s a low cost spacecraft and also its research abilities are limited but overtime it has made enough research and discoveries.

                        photo credits:  NASA Blueshift

ESI or Earth Similarity Index:

This is assessment measure that has many parameters, made to ascertain how close a planet is habitable as compared with earth. Its scale starts from zero and ends with one.

This equation from wikipedia tells earth similarity index.

Habitable Zone:

Kepler’s mission is to search the planets(stars) within the habitable zone. Habitable zone is the area in space where heat and other environmental conditions are normal and has atmosphere that can support life.Also habitable zone reflects the fact that every planet in the habitable zone could have liquid water on its surface.

Photo Credits:  Penn State

Kepler 438b:

Kepler 438b has an ESI score of 0.88.However due to its active parent star high speed solar winds blow on this planet all the time which makes this planet's atmosphere not so habitable for life.

Kepler 296e :

Kepler 296e is facing high radions emissions.But it has a good score of 0.85.Kepler 296e is 1.7 times earth's mass.

Kepler 296f

This planet has earth similarity index of 0.78 it belongs to the same habitable zone of Kepler 296e.The planet Kepler 296 is revolving around this planet which completes each cycle in almost 64 days.

Kepler 22b :

                                                    Photo credits :gustavdiesel

This is kepler 22b. This planet was under observation since 2009 but it was officially announced as 'discovered' in December 2011.Kepler 22b is huge.Its radius is more than 2 times that of Earth.

Kepler 442b:

Kepler 442b has an ESI of 0.84.This planet resembles Earth so closely that scientists are expecting to discover complex life on this planet.

Samsung Galaxy S7 /S7 edge Vs LG G5 : Features Comparison

The LG G5 and the Samsung galaxy S7 / S7 edge are the new great smartphones of 2016.These industry leading smartphones were announced last month (February) and they will be released this month(march).Many people will be buying these phones but which phone is the right one for you? we will  help You in your buying decision.

The All New LG G5 looks very different from last year's G4

THE SAMSUNG GALAXY S7 EDGE

Embed from Getty Images

photo credit :photo credit : flick user "janitors"

FEATURES OF LG G5 :

 The LG's  G5 features a modular design  meaning it is advancement of googles project which  takes smartphone customization to extreme level's.
 U can install a new camera module.
 u can also replace the regular speakers with a much more powerful ones.
 Even the battery is replaceable.
 a dual camera on the back is also a fancy new addition.
 G5 also has a finger print scanner on the back of the phone

Embed from Getty Images

FEATURES OF SAMSUNG GALAXY S7 / edge :

Samsung's Galaxy s models have always been packing industry leading hardware and software.

This year the new S models are more of refinement than innovation. The new  edge model has unique curve display.
Unlike LG's G5 , they are water and dust proof  and have higher protection ratings of IP68 . 
Colling mechanism is also there in Samsung Galaxy s7 models.It has  heat dissipation pipes that drive heat out of the phone.
Additionally,the new S models have sd card slot which was absent from last years models.

Apple's Legal Standoff With FBI

                                                   

 

As the events unfolded:

On December 2, 2015, 14 people were killed and 22 were seriously injured when  Syed Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik, a married couple opened fire in a public health training program in San Bernardino, California.


 Tashfeen Malik and Rizwan Farook

After shooting there the couple fled the scene .Pursued by cops after four hours the couple was shot dead. On December 6 after an investigation carried out by FBI, president Obama stated the unfortunate event as an act of terrorism.

The rented SUV the couple used to fled the scene

The interesting thing about the shooters was that,they were not connected to any organization nor someone else motivated them to do so. FBI investigators have said that Farook and Tashfeen had become radicalized over several years prior to the attack, consuming poison on the internet and expressing a commitment to jihadism and martyrdom in private messages to each other.

FBI's row with Apple :

Both Farook and Tashfeen died in that SUV during shootout with police. When situation was controlled and investigation started police found an iPhone 5C in the SUV in which Farook and Tashfeen were killed. The information on that phone was off course very critical but the iPhone was Pin code protected. In order to access the data in its storage, calls ,emails etc FBI asked Apple to develop a new software to gain access to data in the phone but Apple denied due to its policy to never undermine the security features of its products.

Back Story :

The Clipper Chip :

In 1993, the National Security Agency (NSA) introduced the Clipper chip, an encryption device with an acknowledged backdoor for government access, that NSA proposed be used for phone encryption. The proposal touched off a public debate, known as the Crypto Wars, and the Clipper chip was never adopted.

 

Revealing of Classified Information by Edward Snowden :

It was revealed as a part of the 2013 mass surveillance disclosures by Edward Snowden that the NSA and the British Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) had access to the user data in iPhones, BlackBerrys, and Android phones and could read almost all smartphone information, including SMS, location, emails, and notes.
 

Apple's Reaction to Edward Snowden's disclosures :

According to The New York Times , Apple developed a new encryption method for its iOS operating system, versions 8 and later, "so deep that Apple could no longer comply with government warrants asking for customer information to be extracted from devices". Throughout 2015, prosecutors argued for the U.S. government to be able to compel decryption of iPhone contents.
 

New Security Details in iOS 9 :

In September 2015, Apple released a white paper detailing the security measures in its then-new iOS 9 operating system. The iPhone 5C model can be protected by a four-digit PIN code. After more than ten incorrect attempts to unlock the phone with the wrong PIN, the contents of the phone will be rendered unaccessible by erasing the AES encryption key that protects its stored data. According to the Apple white paper, iOS includes a Device Firmware Upgrade (DFU) mode, and that "[r]estoring a device after it enters DFU mode returns it to a known good state with the certainty that only unmodified Apple-signed code is present.
 

 Legal Standoff and Court Orders :

 

Apple's Denial to FBI :

When FBI first asked Apple to create a program to pass through the security of the phone, Apple declined it.Then FBI requested a federal judge to  issue a court order, mandating Apple to create and provide the requested software .

 

Response to Court Order :

Apparently that order was not subpoena, but rather was issued under the All Writs Act of 1789 which in legal meaning was not so effective. So Apple declined the court order, citing the security risks that the creation of a backdoor would pose towards their customers. It also stated that no government had ever asked for similar access. 

 

Apple CEO Tim Cook's Statement:

On February 16, 2016, Apple chief executive officer Tim Cook released the following statement to his customers:

"The United States government has demanded that Apple take an unprecedented step which threatens the security of our customers. We oppose this order, which has implications far beyond the legal case at hand. This moment calls for public discussion, and we want our customers and people around the country to understand what is at stake"

Tim Cook made clear they were opposing court orders just for the data security of their customers.

Another Option Given to Apple :

In response to the opposition, on February 19, 2016, the U.S. Department of Justice filed a new application urging a federal judge to compel Apple to comply with the order. The new application stated that the company could install the malware on the phone in its own premises, and after the FBI had hacked the phone via remote connection, Apple could remove and destroy the malware .

What's Next:

Currently the case is going on. Apple has hired attorneys Ted Olson and Theodore J. Boutrous Jr. to fight the order on appeal.

According to the Wall Street Journal Google parent company Alphabet and Facebook are preparing to file a motion backing Apple.

Many technology giants are working on a joint submission against the government demands.

Google will also file its brief soon.

 Microsoft being not so responsive at first, now planning to file an amicus brief too.

So let's see what happens next.

Self Driving Cars of 2016

Interior of a google car in testing phase

In this post ,today, i will talk about where the self driving cars stand today.Well , to be general this new industry in not "all that new" because after all they are still vehicles and they still are no new manufacturers but same old renowned names.

            " But what surprises us  most is what this new software technologies can do and how far AI(artificial intelligence ) has come. "

As a mature tech enthusiast  i am thoroughly impressed by what we see in these new genre of cars but new cars are still awaited to color this newborn department of cars. 

for some self driving cars are all about luxury and human benefit but cars as we know well are much more than just luxury .They are a statement of style and your car  helps to tell what type of a person you are.We have been seeing many new cars with self driving capabilities in the past.

Google's self driving car from early 2015 uses following devices to drive by its self:

on the front  there are   3 radars and there is also one on the back that determines  objects and their distance.

there is a camera inside the car(mounted on rear view mirror) that basically works with the computer , telling it moving objects near the car like pedestrians and other stuff like traffic signals.

A rotating sensor on top of the car(LIDAR) that is meant to scan the surroundings and generate a real time 360 degree map for the computer.

to help more with accuracy there is another sensor on-board that senses the movement of the car and reports the computer to update the map of surroundings.

other tech included is :

A GPS receiver  and

an inertial motions sensor

but no matter how much we talk about the awesomeness of this vehicle ,this is just an early development model and also road accidents involving this vehicle are reported multiple times.

but there are other cars and some concept cars ,even trucks that are fully equipped with this technology and have made it to mainstream automobiles market. some of them are follows :

In addition to other features TESLA MOTOR'S  MODEL S has a special 

AUTOPILOT mode .It uses similar type of technologies to function autopilot mode.

to make model s' self driving mode reliable and robust ,Tesla had to cut some corners in its self driving abilities firstly

this vehicle is not truly "self driving car" as it can't self drive on all roads and scenarios .

autopilot mode works only on American highways.

         

       " BUT WHAT IT DOES , IT DOES PRETTY FINE. "

 It can automatically change lanes

It can increase or decrease speed according to current lane.

After a software update MODEL S is now able to park itself automatically.

Top Technologies Happening Around Us : Commercial Drones

In early 20's to now we have been seeing  bachelor students in universities making drones for their semester projects ,also drones were used in those days in fields of defense and military departments.Basically less use of drones were there .But now drones are becoming more main stream then ever.

" Commercial drones have revolutionized  technology and innovation in such a way that it has  opened and will be opening thousands of jobs"

Quad-copter drones are now used in following industries vastly :

 Film making

Delivery services

Quick response first aid services

General toys 

Film making drones :

this department of drones are making progress as fast as possible 

Parrot is company that makes drones with really cool features like it starts circulating around the point u leave control of it ...but this drone looks more of a plane than usual film making drones

 

"parrot disco" from trustedreviews.com . U can wear a VR (virtual reality) headset and see what the drone is seeing through its camera on its front .how cool is that ??

 

But parrot is not the only company that makes these drones ,there are various other companies that make some feature rich drones DJI is one of them

 

This is DJI phantom 3 that is equipped with 12 megapixel camera and powerful self stabilizing features. this drone is among the top 5 in its game.

Delivery Drones :

Amazon and google have been testing out these types of special drones to deliver products to their customers and their doorstep.

In China a restaurant delivered hot tea to a customer in his apartment .This is something we dont see happening around us everyday in the past.

  " Delivery drones will deliver products much more faster than traditional way of           shipments"

 

 

amazon has not yet started to use their drones but we are hopeful to see drones caring iphones and playstations over our heads while we wait in lines to buy one ...

this is google's delivery drone ,looks pretty weird but i its not the final design.

Public Health and emergency services :

these type of drones will be mainly used by government authorities to deal with any person in need of quick medical attention , calling an ambulance has been the usual way but using drones to deliver medicines and medical equipment is believed to be much more quicker and much more effective in saving lives of people.

 

medical drone RAM (richmond.com)will be delivering medicines and equipment to remote areas .

Toy drones :

U promised your kids the Whole World so here's your chance get them a drone they will love it ..DJI phantom and parrot drones are quite expensive but there also cheaper options available in market to give your kid a birthday present.

best toy drones u can buy right now ..

among toy drones some really stand out from the rest like this one ,This little guy can also go on land and water .thumbs up for these Chinese RC drones .  

thats it for today guys please share this post with your friends and keep following me.

 

How To Play Call Of Duty 4 (Modern Warfare1) PC Multiplayer Free

Call Of Duty 4 (Modern Warfare1)

There are a lot of games that can be played online for free but people who don't want to spend money to play high end games like Modern Warfare series and the Battlefield series online may wana look at this post.

On pc,games like this usually require buying them on Steam ,in case of xbox ,paid Microsoft accounts and playstation requires buying too that's why people just don't give up counter strike and league of legends :-D as the setup is pretty easy.

Well.......good news....Call of Duty 4 the first part of modern warfare series can be played online for free.You just need to do the following and you are good to go:

1.Download the full game by using "torrent" i.e download and install utorrent client(utorrent client), go to piratebay(piratebay's link) or kickass torrents ,search for the game's most reliable torrent i.e with the most seeders and download it.

2.Install the game and "crack" it properly.i.e copy and replace the ".exe" ,".dll" and some other files present in the installation folder with the files present in the Crack Folder.

3."Patch" the game to 1.6 version.At this time most probably the game's version will be 1.0 in its "cracked state".Download and install the 1.6 patch(download patch from here)

4.Now"Patch" the game to 1.7 version.(download from here)(Note:If you need to patch the game to older versions first then patch the game in order by the same method).Most of the servers now are running 1.7 version so in order to play on the patched servers you definitely need 1.7 patch.

5.Now download and install "punkbuster"(download punkbuster from here) which may be a major requisite for playing on patched servers.

6.Add COD4 to the games list in punkbuster  and update it.Once installed and running you will see this background process working in the task manager.

                                

 7.Download and install "Game Ranger" client.(from here)Register,add COD4 to the "My Games" list and join anyone of the servers with the green ping and enjoy ;-D.



Must Know Stuff About Motherboards

            ANAKART HAKKINDA BILMESİ GEREKEN TERİMLER

Anakart aslında bir ilestişim merkezidir.Anakart aslında bilgisayrın hepsi parçaların birbiriyle konuşması sağlıyor.Anakart birçok parçalardan birleşip oluşuyor.Onlardan önemli olan buraya herkesin anlyabilecek şekilde açiklamaya çalışacağım.

1-CPU:Central Processing Unit aslında bir işlemci mikroçip dır.Ve Ball Grid Array Teknology kullanarak Anakart ustunde yapışlıyor.Detaylı bilgi için benim eski yayın bakabilirsiniz.

Anakart ustunde bir İşlemci

2.Memory Slot:Bir bellek soketi veya RAM yuvası bilgisayar belleği (RAM) bilgisayara eklemesi sağlayan şeydir.Bazı yeni bilgisayarlarde 2 yada 4 Memory Slot bulunmaktadır.

Anakart ustunde bulunan Memory Slots

3.PCI Slot:Peripheral Component İnterface Slot,PCI Aygıtları Anakarta eklemek için kulllanılır ve Anakart ustunde bulunur.PCI'nın yeni version PCI Express dır bunun bir çok tur var e.g PCI 1.0x,4.0x,8.0x,16.0x.PCI aygıtar Modem,Network Kart,Sound Card ve Ekran Kart dır.

Anakart ustunde bulunan PCI slotlar.

4.AGP Slot:Accelerated Graphics Port PCI port yerinde kullanmak için uretilmiştir ve ozellikle Ekran Kartların System belleği ile çalışıp texture işlemlere yardımcı olmasının ozelliğin sahiplar.

Anakart ustunde AGP ve PCI slotlar.

5.SATA Port:SATA portları depolama aygıtları ve optik sürücüler için bağlantı sağlamak için kullanılır.SATA den once IDE interface kullanılıyordu.Şu an SATA nın en yeni ucuncu verziyon 600Mb/s hızı sahiptir ve IDE interface ise sadece 133Mb/s hızı sahiptir.

Anakart ustunde bulunan SATA portlar

                     

Bir harddisk ustunde bulunan Sata Connector

6.BIOS Chip ve Battery:BIOS chip işletim sistemi devraldı noktaya kadar, önyükleme sürecinde bilgisayarınızı almak için gerekli temel kodunu içerir.BIOS chip bir bellek çip ustunde takalı oldugundan surekli enerji ihtiyacı duyuyor.Bunun için de anakart uzerinde bulunan bir PİL bulunmaktadır.

Anakart ustunde bulunan BIOS chip ve Battery

7.Northbridge Ve Southbridge:Northbridge(Kuzeyköprüsü) bellek, ekran kartı ve işlemci arasındaki veri transferdan sorumludur. Southbridge(Guneyköprüsü) de ise ses kartları ,ağ kartları veya USB gibi aygıtlar arasaında veri transferden sorumludur.


                       

8.USB Header:USB başlığı bilgisayar anakart üzerinde bulunan iğneli bağlantısı port dır.Bilgisayara taktığı tum USB cihazlar anakart ustunde bulunan USB Header ile bağlı dırlar.Genelde iki tanı USB port bir tanı USB Header ile bağlı dır ve bu tur USB Header on iğne ile olusuyor.Bu sistemde dokuzuncu ve onuncu pin kullanılmıyor.

Must Know Stuff About CPU's

CPU İle Ahlakalı Bilmesi Gereken Terimler:

• İşlemci:Tum hesaplamaları yapan tek çip İşlemci(Processor) denir.

Anakart uzerinde bir islemci

• Multi Core:iki ya fazla işlemci bulunan CPU Multi Core denir.Bu teknologi kullanarak üreticiler Clock Speed artırmadan Cpu'nun performans artırabiliyorlar.

  

  Bir Dual-core chip

• Dual Core/Quad Core:CPU'de iki tanı işlemci varsa Dual Core ve eğer dört tanı varsa Quad Core denir.
• Hexa Core/Octa Core:CPU'de altı tanı işlemci varsa Hexa Core ve eğer sekiz tanı varsa  Octa Core denir.

Bir Hexa core Chip

• İşlemcini Mimari(Architecture):Yeni işlemciler 64bit mimari tür kullanarak üretiliyor.Bunalr daha fazla hafızaya(Memory i.e Ram,Hardisk etc) uyumlu oluyorlar.Eski İşlemci mimari tür 32bit iydi.Bunlar ise fazla hafızaya uyum gostermiyorlar.

  

  32 ve 64 bit chip mimari

• ALU(Arithmatic Logic Unit):Aritmetik Mantık Birimi, Bir ALU aritmetik ve mantık işlemleri gerçekleştiren bir CPU veya GPU içinde entegre bir devredir.

Step by Step functioning of an ALU

• FPU(Floating Point Unit):ALU gibi CPU veya GPU içinde entegre bir devredir. Bir FPU floating point hesaplamaları gerçekleştiren bir işlemci  veya işlemci parçasıdır.Mesela 5.87x9.32 gibi bir işlem FPU'e gonderilecek.
• GPU(Graphics Processing Unit):Grafik işlemcisi, öncelikle 3D işlevlerini hesaplamak için kullanılır. Bu işlemlerde aydınlatma efektleri, nesne dönüşümleri ve 3D hareketleri içerir. GPU bilgisayara daha hızlı çalışmaya yardımıcı oluyor.

Anakart uzerınde bir grafik işlemcisi

• Register:Bir CPU içinde geçici bir depolama alanıdır.Bazı Register kullanıcı tarafından erişilebilir Bazı Register dahili olarak kullanılan ve işlemci dışında erişilemez. En modern CPU mimarinde her iki türleri içerir.
• FSB(Front Side Bus):FSB anakart üzerinde sistem belleği (RAM) ve diğer bileşenlere, bilgisayarın işlemcisini bağlar. Bu bileşenler sistem chipset, AGP kart, PCI aygıtlarını ve diğer aygıtlardır.Çünkü bir FSB islemciye sistemin diğer aygıtalara bağlayan ana hatdır,bu yuzden buna Sistem Bus da denebilir.İşlemcinin hizi gibi FSB'nın hizi de önemlidir.

Basit bir FSB mekanizma

• Clock Speed:Clock Speed İşlemcinin işleme dongusunun tamamlamaya hızıdır.Bu hız megahertz ve gigahertz'ile olçulur.Tek gigahertz saniyede bir milyar döngüye ise tek megahertz, saniyede bir milyon döngü eşittir.

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